Rabu, 20 Juni 2012

HYPOTENSION

 ENGLISH TASK
" HYPOTENSION"









COMPILED
BY :

NAME                   : NUR  AZMI                    
NIM                       : PO.71.20.2.10.069
LEVEL                    : II.B
LECTURER            : BETTY SUSANTI. HS, S.Pd.



MINISTRY OF HEALTH REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
POLYTECHNIC OF HEALTH PALEMBANG
BATURAJA NURSING PROGRAM STUDY
YEAR 2011


FOREWORD

Praise the authors say thanks to Allah SWT because of His mercy and grace I can finish the task HYPOTENSI ENGLISH about this in time.
On this occasion, the author would like to thank Mrs. Betty Susanti supervisor HS, S. Pd and friends who have helped in making this task.
May Allah always have mercy on us all and hopefully this work can provide benefits and add to our knowledge and insights.



Baturaja,     November 2011


author













TABLE OF CONTENTS


TITLE PAGE..................................... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ................          i
FOREWORD ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ......................................... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS.................................................................................................        iii
I.                    Background ............................................................................................................. 1
II.                  Types of Hypotension................................................................................................ 1
III.                Signs and Symptoms of Low Blood Pressure............................................................... 2
IV.                Causes of Low Blood Diseases................................................................................... 2
V.                  Handling and Treatment of Low Blood......................................................................... 3
VI.                Some Tips for Patients with Hypotension.................................................................... 5















HYPOTENSION

I. Background
            Low blood disease or hypotension (hypotension) is a condition where a person's blood pressure falls below the normal rate, which reached a low value of 90/60 mmHg. Has been described in previous articles (high blood disease) that the value of a person's normal blood pressure with height, weight, activity level and health in general normal is 120/80 mmHg.

            However, some people may have a value of blood pressure (tension) around 110/90 mmHg or 100/80 mmHg but they do not / have not or rarely reveal few complaints means, so that it is perceived in ordinary daily activities. If the condition continues, supported by several factors that allow triggering a significant decrease in blood pressure such as sweat and urinate a lot but less drinking, less sleep or lack of rest (fatigue with excessive activity) as well as excessive menstrual bleeding (abnormal) then blood pressure will achieve a low threshold (hypotension) 90/60 mmHg.

II. Types of Hypotension
            There are three main types of hypotension:
•  orthostatic hypotension. Orthostatic hypotension is caused by sudden changes in body  position, usually when switching from lying to standing, and usually only lasts a few seconds or minutes. This type of hypotension can also occur after eating and often affects the elderly, people with high blood pressure and people with Parkinson's disease.
•  neural mediated hypotension (NMH in the English abbreviation). NMH most often affects young adults and children and occurs when a person has been standing for a long time.
•  Acute hypotension caused by sudden blood loss (shock)

III. Signs and Symptoms of Low Blood Pressure
             A person who is experiencing low blood pressure generally will complain of frequent headaches circumstances, often yawn, kebungungan, vision sometimes felt less obvious (the firefly) especially after a long sit and walk, a cold sweat, feel tired powerless, even experienced recurrent fainting.

On examination the general rate / weak palpable pulse, the patient looked pale, this is due to the blood supply that is not the maximum whole body tissues.

IV. Causes of Low Blood Diseases
            There are several factors that cause why the decrease in blood pressure, this can be categorized as follows:
• Dehydration.
• Side effects of drugs such as alcohol, anxiolytic, some antidepressants, diuretics, drugs for high blood pressure and coronary heart disease, analgesic.
• Heart problems such as changes in heart rhythm (arrhythmia), heart attack, heart failure, the lack of pumping blood from the heart.
• emotional shock, such as shock caused by severe infection, stroke, anaphylaxis (life-threatening allergic reactions and severe trauma.
• Diabetes advanced.
• Volume (number) of blood is reduced. This can be caused by severe bleeding (torn wounds, menstruation excessive / abnormal), which was quickly resolved diarrhea, excessive sweating, urination or excessive urination.
• The capacity of the blood vessels. Dilation of blood vessels (dilation) causes decreased blood pressure, this is usually as a result of septic shock, exposure by heat, diarrhea, drug-drug vasodilators (nitrates, calcium inhibitors, ACE inhibitors).


V. Handling and Treatment of Low Blood
             There are several things you can do to improve the condition of lace blood pressure (hypotension), including:
-Drinking water in considerable amounts of 8 to 10 glasses per day, an occasional cup of coffee in order to spur increased heartbeat so that the blood pressure will increase
- Consuming foods that contain adequate levels of salt
- Exercise regularly such as walking in the morning for 30 minutes, at least 3 times a week can help reduce the onset of symptoms
- In women who are encouraged to wear elastic stockings
- Provision of drugs (increased blood) occurs only when the symptoms of hypotension that felt really disrupt daily activities, other than that the doctor would only provide vitamins (suport / placebo) as well as some suggestions that can be done for patients.

In addition to chemical drugs, following some lifestyle changes and natural steps that you can try to help cope with hypotension:

a. Expand the salt.
b. Increase your water intake, reduce alcohol.
c. Follow a healthy diet.
d. Change the position of the body slowly.
e. Eat smaller meals and consumption of low-carbohydrate diet.
f. Wear stockings that can suppress

About the image that most people think that eating meat goat for patients with hypotension can increase blood pressure monitor is actually not clear, however justified if it will increase the content of hemoglobin (Hb) in blood. Once again it must be understood that the low blood pressure that is not optimal blood supply to all parts of the body. Hemoglobin (Hb) is low means that the binder content of Hb as oxygen in the blood has low levels of the patient consequences could pallor (anemia), dizziness (in transport oxygen / blood supply to the brain is less), feel tired and so on.

In the case of hypotension that is really required the administration of drugs, usually there are several types of commonly used medications such as fludrocortisone, midodrine, pyridostigmine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), caffeine and erythropoietin.

Traditional herbs that can be used to treat and prevent low blood;

Ingredients:
- Kunir / turmeric
- Kampung Chicken Egg Yolk
- Honey
- Wine (if any)

Ways of making:
Grated turmeric and add a little water, then wring it out. Whisk the eggs and mix with lemon turmeric earlier. Lastly, add a little honey and wine (if any).

Drink this mixture two times a day regularly.

The key to all traditional medicine is the discipline and orderly. So to cure low blood was needed discipline and strong will.

Hopefully the last traditional medicine healer low blood could be useful!



VI. Some Tips for Patients with Hypotension
• Many women with hypotension who has a very low level of iron due to menstruation very much. Ask the advice of specialists when the need to supplement blood booster.
• fall is very dangerous for the elderly because it can make the injury fractures and other complications. Always accompany your parents who suffer from severe hypotension.
• If you feel the symptoms of decreased blood pressure, you should immediately sit or lie down and lift your legs above heart height.
• If low blood pressure causes people to faint, immediately look for medical care. If the person is not breathing, immediately do rescue breathing assistance.

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